Hamlet - Revenge A Chain Reaction :: essays research papers

Hamlet Revenge: A Chain Reaction     In the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, the theme of revenge is repeated numerous times throughout the play and involves a great deal of characters. Of these characters, eight are dead by the end of the play by result of murder which was initiated through revenge. Shakespeare uses the revenge theme to create conflict among many characters.     Shakespeare uses the revenge theme to create conflict between Hamlet and Claudius. In Act I, scene 5, Hamlet is visited by the ghost who was his father. The ghost makes Hamlet aware of his murderous death when he tells Hamlet of how Claudius had killed him. The ghost says this to Hamlet regarding Claudius, "Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder." This is where Hamlet is first inrtoduced to the revenge plot between himself and Claudius. Hamlet wants to insure that the ghost really was his dead father before he kills Claudius. To do this Hamlet has people act out the death of his father in front of Claudius and declares him guilty by his reaction to the play. " O good Horatio, I'll take the ghost's word for a thousand pound." Hamlet declares Claudius' guilt to Horatio and now realizes that he must continue on with his revenge plot. The conflict between Hamlet and Claudius is delayed by Hamlet but does eventually occur in the last scene. Hamlet's mother has just died, Hamlet has been sliced by Laertes' poison sword, and Hamlet has just struck Laertes with a fatal blow when Laertes says that this was all brought on by Claudius. Hamlet, now realizing that there is no more time for him to delay his revenge, stabs Claudus and kills him. Revenge was the motive for the conflict between Hamlet and Claudius.     Shakespeare uses the revenge plot to create conflict between Laertes and Hamlet by having Laertes avenge his father's and sister's death which Hamlet is responsible for. After learning of his fathers unnatural death, Hamlet decides that he can no longer trust anyone, except for Horatio. While acting out his madness, he visited Ophelia and cut off his ties with her because of his distrust for everyone. In Act III, when Hamlet talks with his mother, he notices that he is being spied upon. Thinking that it is the king, Hamlet mistakingly kills Polonius who was hiding behind a big rug, which for some medeval reason, was hung on the wall. It is believed Ophelia herself went mad because of Hamlet's rude and violent treatment of her and also because Hamlet killed her father. In Act IV Ophelia's madness drives her to walk into the

Promote good practice in the support of individuals Essay

1. Understand how the different and evolving theories about autism reflect the complexity of autistic spectrum conditions Autism is a lifelong developmental disability that affects how a person communicates with, and relates to, other people. It also affects how they make sense of the world around them. It is a spectrum condition, which means that, while all people with autism share certain difficulties, their condition will affect them in different ways. Some people with autism are able to live relatively independent lives but others may have accompanying learning disabilities and need a lifetime of specialist support. People with autism may also experience over- or under-sensitivity to sounds, touch, tastes, smells, light or colours. Asperger syndrome is a form of autism. People with Asperger syndrome are often of average or above average intelligence. They have fewer problems with speech but may still have difficulties with understanding and processing language. Some people live with autism for their entire life without ever getting a formal diagnosis. Often this is simply because autism wasn’t widely known or understood when they were growing up. For adults, a diagnosis of autism can help to explain why they have always found certain things difficult. For children, it can mean that the right support is put in place from an early age. Autism has been described as a ‘hidden’ or ‘invisible’ disability. Although historically associated with intellectual disability, it is now thought that most people with ASC will be within the normal range of IQ. Whatever the label used, the complexity of the autistic spectrum often renders it easier to misunderstand than it is to recognise. These difficulties, which can make access to services problematic, are further complicated by the generic nature of many service s and the fragmented way they view and respond to ASC. As a setting we deal with many CYP with ASC, we accommodate these CYP as due to the high level of violence and behaviour difficulties they display ASC units or Schools for CYP with Specific Learning Difficulties cannot or will not accommodate them. We support our CYP on the ASD spectrum and Asperger’s syndrome to help them achieve their full potential. This is because we have a very highly experienced and motivated team. As a staff team we have  outside agencies such as the National Autistic Society and NEAS. We also have involvement from the local authority learning support staff that has worked closely with the CYP with autistic spectrum condition prior to them coming to us, these then come into our setting to give us the big picture on these CYP coming to our setting. These support staff are able to give us a clear picture of the needs and the history of these CYP before they reach our setting. This enables us the meet there needs, and make the transition from others schools and settings run smoothly. We also visit the CYP in their own environment as this gives them an opportunity to meet us in a setting in which they know and feel comfortable in. One of the most important points to understand about autistic spectru m conditions is that each CYP on the autism spectrum is an individual with their own unique characteristics. CYP with autistic spectrum conditions vary enormously in their abilities, needs, strengths, gifts, preferences and interests. No two individuals with a diagnosis of an autistic spectrum condition are the same, so it is essential not to make any assumptions about them. Autistic assignment causes and theories. Many causes of autism have been proposed, but understanding of the theory of causation of autism and the other autism spectrum disorders is incomplete. The heritability of autism is complex and it is typically unclear which genes are responsible. In rare cases, autism is strongly associated with agents that cause birth defects. Many other causes have been proposed, such as childhood immunizations, but numerous clinical studies have shown no scientific evidence supporting any link between vaccinations and autism. Autism spectrum conditions are present from birth or very early in life. They include childhood autism, Asperger’s syndrome, a typical autism and PDD unspecified. In practice many of these conditions may overlap with other disorders such as ADHD and affecting more boys than girls. Within my setting most CYP on the ASC spectrum have other conditions many quite complex. Other conditions are such as ADHD, ODD, conduct disorder, speech and language difficulties and Tourette’s syndrome. In practice although the prevalence in girls is said to be underestimated, these conditions are characterised by significant impairments in instinctive social behaviour, communication and a  restricted or repetitive repertoire of behaviours and interests. These ‘core’ features will affect the person’s ability to anticipate the thoughts and actions of others and predict day-to-day outcomes on the basis of normally occurring social cues. This lack of ability to anticipate and predict leads to high levels of stress within our CYP and they have difficulties in relating to others. Such difficulties may be accompanied by other neurological or psychiatric conditions that impact on behaviour and functioning and also on access to services and support. Such conditions include, disorders affecting sensory processing, anxiety, depression and mood, seizures and other medical problems. Autism has a range of diagnostic criteria. This was described by Wing and Gould (1979) as the Triad of Impairments. The triad consists of: Problems with social interactions Difficulties understanding and using non-verbal communications Stands to close to people Unaware of different ways to interact with people Difficulties initiating and maintaining conversations Inappropriate touching Problems with communication Asks repetitive questions. Absence of a desire to communicate. Communicates for own needs, rather than social engagement Own interest based. May be non-verbal, or delayed speech. Problems with imagination Does not understand other people’s thoughts or feelings – lack of Theory of Mind Does not like change in routines. Special or focussed interests. Literal thinking. In additional to the three areas of the triad there are also associated difficulties. These include: Sensory difficulties This may include hypersensitivities (over-sensitive) or hypersensitivities (under-sensitive). Mood disturbances – linked to the triad: Anxiety Aggression Depression As there is an array of criteria within the impairments and associated difficulties the disorder is considered a spectrum condition. For individuals considered on the â€Å"higher† end of the spectrum the individual may have better, learnt social communication and interaction skills, whereas those on the â€Å"lower† end of the spectrum may have significantly delayed communication skills, including a lack of language. As discussed above, sensory and perceptual difficulties are highly common amongst individuals with ASC. These include both hyper- and hypo-sensitivities. See table 1.1 2 .Be able to promote to others positive communication strategies for individuals with an autistic spectrum condition. Autism is a varied and complex disorder which can affect individuals in a number of ways. ASC affects not only the individual with the diagnosis, but their whole family – parents, siblings and others close to them. Below are examples of how ASC can affect different people: Individual diagnosed with ASC. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Condition’s lives are affected by a wide range of factors including: difficulties with communication, social interactions, sensory difficulties, flexibility. This impacts significantly on everyday functioning, whereby an individual may not be able to communicate their needs effectively, may have difficulty in social situations, may find everyday sensory input distressing , and changes in everyday life difficult to deal with, which then increases there anxiety level. As a setting we set out an action plan directed to every CYP’s individual needs, both in the school setting and residential setting. Each class/staff team have a copy of the plan and this helps us to deal with the individual needs of each CYP. This enables us to prevent the CYP getting too anxious or distressed in situations. In the case of one of our CYP with communication difficulties, and also has autistic spectrum condition the action plan is a key concept in the day to day education and understanding for the young person involved, and also professionals and peers . If the CYP  is not understood because of language barriers he becomes extremely frustrated and this has a detrimental effect on his behaviour. He will then display very disruptive and dangerous behaviour. We also use things like feelings cards so that the individual can express how they feel, rather than them get frustrated or get to a point and then become anxious. When looking at how an individual on the autism spectrum are impacted within their lives it is important to look at the impact of factors such as gender, ethnicity, social, cultural and religious influences. For example, those from an Indian culture are very nurturing with family members with disabilities and autism. This means that the individuals’ need are met however there is not necessarily any progression or development. In another example, those from an Orthodox Jewish religious background can feel that having a person with autism in the family is shameful and as a result the individual is â€Å"hidden† from the wider community, this results in a lack of development with the individual with ASC. What further compounds difficulties for those with ASC are stereotyped views, discrimination and lack of understanding about the autism spectrum condition. The media play a major role in promoting these misunderstandings. For example: There is a misunderstanding around the challenging behaviour associated with autism due to the communication and sensory difficulties in autism. In younger children it is often just seen as â€Å"bad behaviour† which should be â€Å"controlled† by the parents and the underlying causes are not fully understood. Due to the Film ‘Rain Man’ featuring Dustin Hoffman as an autistic man, many people who have seen the film have the perception that he is a typical person on the autism spectrum and that this is a true reflection. Although Dustin Hoffman’s character does have autism he also has savant syndrome which does not necessarily come hand-in-hand with autism (although 50% of savants also have ASC). Parents of individuals on the autism spectrum have their lives highly impacted upon due to their CYP’s condition, to ensure that a high level of observation is maintained to ensure their child’s safety, which can put huge strain and demand on them. Siblings of those with ASC can also be affected in their everyday lives due to the need of their siblings. Due to parents having to â€Å"focus† on the sibling with ASC, siblings can often feel jealous or â€Å"left out† due to not having much attention. They may also feel  restricted due to the changes required to meet the needs of their ASC sibling. Others close to those on the autism spectrum can have their everyday lives affected due to the changes required for the individual with ASC. This may be aunts and uncles or grandparents, whom try to give parents a break by looking after the CYP with autism or giving time and attention to siblings of the affected CYP. * Focus on children – there is an over emphasis on children on the autism spectrum leading to a belief that the condition is child orientated and not a life-long disorder. This disadvantages those adults on the spectrum due to a lack of general understanding or awareness of the condition in adults on the autism spectrum. In supporting understanding about the condition, it is important to ensure that all involved are aware and understand the autism spectrum condition. It is important to assess the level of comprehension and cognition of the individual with ASC and then focus the information sharing about ASC at individuals’ level of understanding. It is important to ensure that parents, carers and siblings are well informed about their children’s/sibling’s condition. After any review meeting or 6 weekly reviews we inform parents and carers of any progress made or any extra support that needs to be put in to place for our CYP. This is in order to ensure that they are aware of the support needs and intervention strategies to help develop an ASC individual. Further, it is very important to ensure that if an individual with ASC is within a care setting to keep parents and family informed of development so they can support this. Without the ongoing knowledge of the CYP’s progression they will still view their child as being at the same stage of development as they were when they went into the residential setting and as such not be able to support the ongoing development. 654 ~/

Subnetting Questions

Subnetting Questions ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1 Identify the Number of Subnets and Hosts 1. You have been assigned the IP network address of 135. 65. 0. 0 and have selected 255. 255. 240. 0 as the subnet mask. How many valid subnet addresses are available? 2. You have a network address of 132. 66. 0. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 240. 0. Find the number of the valid subnets and how many possible host addresses are on each subnet excluding addresses of all 1s and all 0s. 3. You have a network address of 165. 35. 0. 0 and have selected 255. 255. 92. 0 as the subnet mask value. How many possible subnets are there? ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2 Identify the Number of Subnets and Hosts 1. You have a network address of 220. 16. 22. 0 and have selected 255. 255. 255. 224 as the subnet mask value. How many possible subnets are there? 2. You have a network address of 199 . 112. 199. 0 and have selected 255. 255. 255. 240 as the subnet mask value. How many possible subnets are there? 3. You have a network address of 133. 233. 11. 0 and have selected 255. 255. 255. 240 as the subnet mask value.How many possible hosts are on each subnet, excluding subnet address and broadcast address? ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3 Select a Subnet Mask 1. Your client has a class B network address and needs to support 500 hosts on as many subnets as possible. Which subnet mask should you recommend? 2. Your client has a class B IP network address and needs to support 60 hosts on as many subnets as possible. Which subnet mask should you recommend? 3. You are configuring a network and have been assigned the network address of 212. 109. 55. 0.You want to subnet the network to allow for 10 subnets with 7 hosts per subnet. What subnet mask should you use? 4. Your network has been assigned the IP address of 131. 66. 0. 0 for your network. You have determined that you need 16 subnets to allow for growth. What subnet mask value would you use? 5. You have been assigned 197. 177. 25. 0 for your network. You have determined that you need 5 subnets to allow for growth. What subnet mask would you use? Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 4 Select a Subnet Mask 1. You have been assigned 195. 1. 13. 0 for your network. You have determined that you need 8 subnets to allow for growth. What subnet mask would you use? 2. You have been assigned 140. 225. 0. 0 for your network. You have determined that you need 39 subnets to allow for growth. What subnet mask would you use? ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5 Select a Subnet Mask 1. Your network has been assigned 200. 55. 6. 0 as the network address. You have determined that you need six subnets. Which of the following should you use as your subnet mask to prov ide four subnets? A. 255. 55. 255. 128 B. 255. 255. 255. 192 C. 255. 255. 255. 224 D. 255. 255. 255. 240 E. 255. 255. 255. 248 F. 255. 255. 255. 252 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6 Select a Subnet Mask 1. Your network has been assigned 168. 11. 0. 0 as the network address. You have determined that you need 70 subnets. Which subnet mask value should you select to provide 70 subnets? A. 255. 255. 252. 0 B. 255. 255. 248. 0 C. 255. 255. 240. 0 D. 255. 255. 254. 0 E. 255. 255. 255. 0 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Select a Subnet Mask 1. You are configuring a network and have been assigned the network address of 212. 12. 12. 0. You want to subnet the network to allow for 15 subnets with 20 hosts per subnet. What subnet mask should you use? A. 255. 255. 255. 128 B. 255. 255. 255. 240 C. 255. 255. 255. 192 D. 255. 255. 255. 248 E. 255. 255. 255. 224 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8 Identify Valid Subnets 1. You have a network address of 132. 66. 0. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 224. 0. Which four of the following are valid subnet addresses?A. 132. 66. 224. 0 B. 132. 66. 255. 0 C. 132. 98. 0. 0 D. 132. 66. 0. 0 E. 132. 66. 192. 0 F. 132. 66. 96. 0 G. 132. 130. 0. 0 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9 Identify Valid Subnets 1. You have a network address of 133. 233. 11. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 240. 0. Which three of the following are valid subnet addresses? A. 133. 233. 27. 0 B. 133. 233. 11. 248 C. 133. 233. 11. 232 D. 133. 233. 11. 176 E. 133. 233. 43. 0 F. 133. 233. 11. 240 G. 133. 233. 11. 48 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 10 Identify Valid Subnets 1. You have a network address of 201. 79. 187. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 192. Which three of the following are valid subne t addresses? A. 201. 79. 187. 48 B. 201. 79. 187. 224 C. 201. 79. 187. 64 D. 201. 79. 187. 32 E. 201. 79. 187. 1 F. 201. 79. 187. 192 G. 201. 79. 187. 128 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11 Identify Valid Subnets 1. You have a network address of 129. 111. 0. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 224. 0. Which two of the following are valid subnet addresses? A. 129. 111. 60. 0 B. 129. 175. 0. 0 C. 129. 111. 0. 96 D. 129. 111. 0. 32 E. 129. 111. 96. 0 F. 129. 143. 0. 0 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12 Identifying the Host Range 1. You have a network address of 202. 200. 55. 0 with a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 224. Which of the following is the broadcast address for subnet 202. 200. 55. 96? A. 202. 200. 55. 1 B. 202. 200. 55. 96 C. 202. 200. 55. 97 D. 202. 200. 55. 111 E. 202. 200. 55. 127 F. 202. 200. 55. 255 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights rese rved. Cisco Public 13Identifying the Host Range 1. You have a network address of 160. 88. 0. 0 with a subnet mask of 255. 255. 248. 0. Which of the following is the broadcast address for subnet 160. 88. 64. 0? A. 160. 88. 64. 255 B. 160. 88. 71. 255 C. 160. 88. 95. 255 D. 160. 88. 127. 255 E. 160. 88. 255. 255 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14 Identifying the Host Range 1. What is the IP address on subnet 202. 177. 48. 64 if the mask value is 255. 255. 255. 240? A. 202. 177. 48. 255 B. 202. 177. 48. 95 C. 202. 177. 48. 112 D. 202. 177. 48. 127 E. 202. 77. 48. 79 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15 Identifying the Host Range 1. A host on the network has an IP address of 223. 233. 11. 101 with a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 240. What is the subnet address of this host? 2. A host on the network has an IP address of 197. 65. 251. 125 with a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 240. Wh at is the subnet address of this host? 3. A host on the network has an IP address of 201. 79. 187. 236 with a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 192. What is the subnet address of this host? ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16 Identifying the Host Range 1. What is the broadcast address for subnet 200. 195. 55. 64/29? 2. You have a network address of 129. 111. 0. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 224. 0. Which three of the following are valid host addresses for the subnet 129. 111. 64. 0? A. 129. 111. 48. 69 B. 129. 111. 32. 122 C. 129. 111. 93. 166 D. 129. 111. 89. 0 E. 129. 111. 0. 66 F. 129. 111. 65. 11 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17 Identifying the Host Range 1. You have a network address of 233. 33. 11. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 224. Which three of the following are valid host addresses for the subnet 233. 233. 11. 32? A. 233. 233. 11. 52 B. 233. 233. 11. 61 C. 233. 233. 11. 39 D. 233. 233. 15. 32 E. 233. 233. 11. 33 F. 233. 233. 125. 32 G. 233. 233. 11. 44 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18 Identifying the Host Range 1. You have a network address of 132. 66. 0. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 224. 0. Which three of the following are valid host addresses for the subnet 132. 66. 160. 0? A. 132. 66. 161. 0 B. 132. 6. 188. 88 C. 132. 66. 32. 163 D. 132. 66. 48. 111 E. 132. 66. 193. 6 F. 132. 66. 175. 252 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19 Identifying the Host Range 1. You have a network address of 201. 79. 187. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 192. Which three of the following are valid host addresses for the subnet 201. 79. 187. 128? A. 201. 79. 187. 196 B. 201. 79. 187. 132 C. 201. 79. 187. 166 D. 201. 79. 187. 33 E. 201. 79. 187. 189 F. 201. 79. 187. 12 ITE PC v4. 0 Chapter 1 Â © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisc o Public 20

Insanity Defense

Insanity Defense Donita Estes, Patrick Fostso, Jennia McCray, Yasmine McGee, Inga Payne CJA/354 October 22, 2012 Samara Belgarde, J. D. Insanity Defense The criminal justice system in America is one of the fair systems in the world where anyone will be innocent until proven of guilt. The whole concept of the court system emphasizes how our laws work regardless where we come from and how we look like or healthy or not anyone is entitles of due process. The idea that our justice and court system are fair to anyone on trial due to an arrest by probable cause and sentencing by a verdict guilty and not guilty of the jury.In the case or State v. Stu Dents, where the defendant was accused of killing his former girlfriend. We are going to elaborate how the charge of insanity can be plead in the defense case and in the other hand give some understanding how this plead play a role in the defendant case during the trial and after the trial in some states and particular California. Does your tea m feel this defendant is competent to stand trial? Why or why not? We believe that the defendant may not be competent to stand trial, due to the fact that he had has emotionally and mental issues.The defendant has no knowledge of the crime or its consequences, if put on the stand he may revert back to that emotional state of mind and will not be able to give and accurate statement and will not be able to understand charges and sentencing. What is required in your state for an insanity defense? First of all, let’s understand the issue here, Mr. Dents was arrested of the killing his former girlfriend Uma Opee. Mr. Dents was charge by the state on theses: Homicide, Assault of a police, officer, Burglary and crimes related to drugs. After all these charges, the defendant pleads not guilty due to reason of insanity.In California, insanity can be called as an affirmative insanity: According to Schmalleger. F& Dolatowski, J (2010), an affirmative defense is a status that define some one who committed an unlawful act and requested an excuse for the behave due to the criminal conduct (Insanity). In California the defense need to show some aspect of legal defense such as: Defendant does not understand the nature of the act, Defendant does not know was wrong, Defendant does not have self-control, Defendant needs to show at the time he has a history of mental diseases against his ability to define between right and wrong.During sentencing of the insanity plea the jury can deliberate the sanity claim on many ways such as: -Hung jury will give the court of making determination if there is enough evidence to retry the defendant on sanity only. If the jury returns a unanimous of not guilty by reason of insanity the defendant will be committed at the state mental hospital. In the other hand in California, it will be difficult for the defense because the prosecutor will bring their own medical expert to show that the defendant has the ability to see between what’s right and wrong.What steps must be taken to prove insanity? Insanity defense is the defense which has a role of claiming that their client, the defendant was not in a state of understanding what he or she did due to mental disorder. This is to clarify that in this state the defendant does not bear any responsibility of the alleged actions. In this case insanity is a term used legally and not a medical one, so a court decides on whether to involve medical professionals or not. Definition of mental illness varies in a range of jurisdictions.The term insanity is under the guide line of the jurisdictions statutory and that cannot be defined by use of the medical definition (Fersch, 2005). As the defense team of in the case of State v. Stu Dents there should be the burden of proof. Our client, Stu Dents is charged of homicide, assault of police officer, kidnapping, burglary, and crimes related to drugs. Homicide is understood as killing of person due to omission or act of another. Kidnap ping is going against somebody’s will by taking him from one place to another without letting him or her exercise freedom.Burglary is considered as theft by entering into someone’s resident without permission. Homicidal offence, in side with drugs, is considered as a felony together with kidnapping and burglary. In their nature, they are considered as serious and punishable by death or long sentence (Cole, 2008). Considering the charges, there should be the burden of proof. It is clear that anybody accused before the court is innocent until he or she is proven guilty. The ultimate factor to consider in this case is the intent and mental element. It is clear that at the time when our client, Mr.Stu Dent was being arrested, he was not all well. He was irrational, agitated, and combative, and when officers tried to hand cuff him he was screaming and yelling, mentioning unrealistic phrases for instance he said he was God. The reality is our client was mentally instable. Fo r the offence of homicide it not clear that our client was the one who entered in Uma Opee resident, and it is not known if there were signs of using force and if he used a key to gain access to his girl friend’s residence. Finally, after the toxicology reports our client Mr.Stu Dents, was not under the influence of drugs. It is justified that Mr. Stu Dents is not mentally stable therefore, he do not deserve to go to prison rather to go for psychiatric care (Ciolino, 2000). Court issues members of the panel of judges that the accused do not account for the act due to the reason of mental illness. If the evidence presented is found to have doubts about his her sanity, then there is need to establish sanity of the one accused (Cole, 2008). Burden of proof-the accused bears the burden of proving to the defense by use of convincing and clear evidence.Defendant is required to show sufficient evidence, creating a reasonable doubt to justify sanity. This determined by the prosecutor after considering the evidence (Cole, 2008). If the accused is found to be insane there for he or she is not responsible of any criminal conduct due to his or her state of mental health (Cole, 2008). Conclusion Finally, you do not consider the opinions of the experts who testified of the matter but you must consider the defendants sanity when the criminal conduct happened, viewing the evidence presented lightly then concluding the truth of the matter.References Ciolino, P. J. , & Castle, G. E. (2000). Advanced forensic criminal defense investigations. Tucson, AZ: Lawyers & Judges Pub. Co. Cole, G. F. , & Smith, C. E. (2008). Criminal justice in America. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth. Fersch, E. A. (2005). Thinking about the insanity defense: Answers to frequently asked questions With case examples. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse. Schmalleger, F. , Hall, D. E. , & Dolatowski, J. J. (2010). Criminal law today. (4th Ed. ) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. http://www. californiamentalhea lthlawyer. com http://www. shouselaw. com

The Impact of Technology on Society Research Paper - 2

The Impact of Technology on Society - Research Paper Example This essay will look at its impacts as regards health, welfare and the environment. In the backdrop of these results, it will offer suggestions on how engineering should be practiced.As the discussion declares  the late 19th century and early 20th century saw one of the greatest inventions known to man: the automobile. The automobile refers to a wheel mode of transportation that autonomously moves on its own from the combustion of fuel. The following article examines the society before this invention in comparison to the state of the society in the period after and its impacts on health and environment.   Automobile production boosted the economy, enhanced political cohesion and facilitated the establishment of a strong political hold by countries over their countries. In health and welfare, it has facilitated faster access to health services and access to social provisions such as education and employment. The building of roads has resulted in a change in the environmental lands cape, acting as a factor for urbanisation and industrialisation. However, the invention has led to an increase in pollution levels that has had health as well as environmental implications.  The automobile came after a series of inventions done by scientists in most of the 19th and the 20th century. It works by a system of an internal combustion engine that propels its wheel to move on the road.  The term automobile was coined in the 19the century describing its self-driving capability.

Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Management Accounting - Essay Example Secondly, the fear of under-budgeting, which will have the impacts of causing financial crisis for the department in the coming year, also affects the way she is going to deliver the budgeted amount. Anticipated future rise in costs is yet another factor that she has to consider in her decision making regarding the budget she is going to submit, since the costs may rise out of the anticipated new expenditures. Finally, the financial situation of the city affects her decision making, since the revenues collected by the city were down, meaning the possibility of the city cutting down the budgets presented, thus reducing the amounts given to Paxton, as the manager of the waste disposal firm. The analysis of the ethical dilemma under this case presents various ethical issues. First, Paxton is working towards satisfying herself interests, which is highly unethical (Rhodes, 1986 p11). She has the personal interest of being promoted from the department, which she does not appear like. Therefore, she wants to impress her employer by ensuring that she funds the operations of the department to the very best, at the expense of the financial situation that the city is facing. Paxton understand very well that the city’s tax collection for that year were down. Therefore, she anticipates that the city may not have sufficient funds to cater for all the financial needs raised by the departments. This notwithstanding, she wants to ensure that she is not affected by the bad financial situation, through inflating her budget, so that even if it is cut, she will have no shortages. This is selfish on her part, since she does not care about the other departments and their financial n eeds, which is unethical (Harding, 2010 p55). Having understood the financial situation facing the city, she is supposed to be concerned about the other departments,

Why do different theories of the firm exist Essay - 1

Why do different theories of the firm exist - Essay Example It is also not easy to adopt all the theories but it is necessary to learn about all the theories. As it helps in making a firm progressive. Organizational analysis is relatively new among the sciences as a field of study, coming out of the latter years of the 19th century as industrialization became more technological (Pheby, 2000). Originators of organizational management, among them Taylor, Weber and Mayo, believed there was one best way to manage an organization, and all recommended single, universal solutions to management problems, though they did not agree on what the solutions should be (Buchanan, 1997). Organizations were considered to be the setting in which work was carried out, and were not considered to have self-interest of their own. It was in the 1920's when Mary Follett wrote about the "law of the situation", that the notion of organizations taking direction from outside themselves began to take root. In her way of thinking, it is the situation that an organization exists in that dictates the orders of what needs to be done (Buchanan, 1997). Further development of these concepts by thinkers such as Woodw ard, Thompson and Perrow over the next few decades, lead the way for supporters of the contingency approach. That an organizations' structure and management was effected by, and actually contingent upon, factors other than the whim of the owner, and that there clearly was no one best way to be a successful organization, contributed to the development of this new field of study (Buchanan, 1997). The novel concept that organizations interact with their environment and with each other, as social units within and without, sparked interest in the field that has become known as organizational sociology, and led to a broadening and a deepening of theory in the field (Pheby, 2000).. Resource Dependency Theory The key concept of the resource dependency perspective is that organizations are not self-sufficient. Instead, an organization's activities and outcomes are accounted for by the context in which the organization is embedded (Pfeffer & Salancik, 1970.)Dependence is determined by three factors (Pfeffer & Salancik, 1978): the importance of the resource, the degree of discretion others have over allocation and use of the resource, and the concentration of the resource. Without it the organization cannot operate and will cease to exist.. This is in keeping with resource dependency theory as it predicts that organizations will seek to reduce their dependence by expanding into other domains, thereby decreasing their reliance on any single exchange partner (Davis & Powell, 1992).In order to coordinate the actions of the members of the network and the Foundation toward this goal, linkages have been used. These have especially taken the shape of interlocks among board members and shared social norms. Such linkages and interlocks, as described by